The Impact of Digital Enterprise Agglomeration on Carbon Intensity: A Study Based on the Extended Spatial STIRPAT Model

The digital economy has broken the physical space limit, reshaped factor input ratios, and accelerated mobility, which drives carbon reduction social sustainability. Digital enterprise agglomeration is becoming new tendency a significant spatial feature for development. This work aimed to study impact of on intensity. first proposed an extended stochastic IPAT (STIRPAT) theoretical framework regarded as technology factor. Secondly, by building dataset with 7,902,050 enterprises using distance-based Duranton Overman index, this evaluated 278 cities from 2007 2017 in China. Thirdly, matching micro data macro city data, employed Durbin, mediating, moderating effects models test mechanism There are four main findings: (1) negative “U-shaped” correlation between local neighboring cities’ intensities, intensity more than effect regional (2) shows great differences under spatial, resource, industrial, financial heterogeneity. (3) indirectly impacts two ways: green innovation industry structure rationalization effect. (4) Human capital enhances role reducing intensity, whereas government intervention weakens decreasing paper suggests that strategies should be dynamically adjusted based development resource conditions.